The Ferranti Archive

Made:
1870-2005
maker:
Ferranti Ltd
and
Ferranti Group of Companies

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The Ferranti company archive covers the period 1882 to 1993, when the company ceased trading. The archive includes company records, technical records, trade literature and a large photographic collection. The founder of the company Sebastian Ziani de Ferranti was born in Liverpool and had a talent for developing electrical systems and equipment. He designed and built a generating station and distribution system based at Deptford, by the River Thames for the London Electricity Supply Company. Opening in 1890 it was, at the time, the largest power station in the world. He set up his own manufacturing company and in 1886 moved to Hollinwood, Oldham to a former iron foundry.

The company thrived throughout the early part of the Twentieth Century and diversified into other areas of electrical manufacturing. His son Vincent took over the company on the death of Sebastian in 1930. Ferranti became involved in the development of radar and during the Second World War produced the first Identification Friend or Foe (IFF) radar system. After the war the company continued to expand becoming a multi-national organisation. As well as continuing to manufacture large transformer for the newly created National Grid, Vincent also involved the company in the development of computers. In collaboration with Manchester University together they built the Mark 1 in 1951. The computer division was eventually sold to International computers and Tabulators (ICT) in 1963.

Ferranti still kept researching and developing new computer systems and eventually helped to create some of the first computer controlled manufacturing systems. It was also involved in the first guided weapons system for the Ministry of Defence in collaboration with the Bristol Aircraft Company. However, it was forced to repay some of the profits it made from the contract, which were seen as excessive at the time. In 1975 the company was in financial difficulty and the British government bought a 50 per cent stake because of the importance of the work the company was involved with. This helped to allow Ferranti to continue to develop its telecommunications systems and computerised control systems.

In 1987 Ferranti was approached by International Signals and Control Group which it eventually merged with. However, International Signals were involved in exporting arms to South Africa, which at the time was under an arms embargo. The arms were then sold onto third parties including Iraq. International Signals were also found to be selling arms to countries in South America, the company claimed it had been working covertly with the American intelligence community. The Director of International signals was also involved in a multi-million dollar fraud which resulted in the over-valuing of International Signal and Control. This affected the operation of the newly formed Ferranti International Signal and as a result of this the Defence and Guided Weapons Divisions were sold off to other competitors, in order for Ferranti to continue to operate. However, the losses were too much and in 1993 the company could no longer operate and went into receivership the remaining Divisions were broken up and sold off.

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Details

Extent:
260.29 linear metres
Identifier:
YA1996.10
Subject:
Electrical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering
Access:
Open access.
copyright: