Galezowski ophthalmoscope in case, French, c. 1862, by Robert and Collin, with instruction

An ophthalmoscope is used to view the retina and other internal structures of the eye. It was invented in 1851 by Herman von Helmholtz (1821-94). This unusual example had the padded end of the tubular ophthalmoscope rest around the subject’s eye. The ophthalmologist viewed it through the eyepiece at the other end.

This instrument was devised by Polish ophthalmologist Xavier Galezowski (1832-1907). Galezowski invented several ophthalmoscopes. This is one of his early models. This fine French example was made by instrument makers Robert et Collin of Paris.