Thyssen gravity meter with accessories

Made:
1939 in Germany
maker:
Seismos GmbH
designer:
Thyssen

This Thyssen gravity meter was built in 1939 by Seismos GmbH (later Prakla Seismos), a German company which built scientific instruments.

The instrument is slightly less than a meter tall and is stood upright on a frame and a set of three adjustable legs. The instrument has two tubed thermometers attached to the inside of the casing, with the spring balance and beam device placed near the top of the casing.

Accompanying the meter itself are two wooden boxes, the smaller of which contains tools used for the maintenance of the meter, including: screwdrivers, clamps, tweezers and spare parts. A separate wooden box contains spare springs, which are kept taught in the casing.

A gravity meter, or gravimeter, is an instrument designed to measure and record variations in the earth’s gravitational field in specific locations. These instruments can be broadly divided into two types, stable/static and unstable/astatic. The key difference is that a stable gravity meter will reset itself once it has made a measurement of gravity, whilst an unstable gravity meter will not reset or return to a neutral position.

The benefit of unstable meters is that they exaggerate the changes in gravity making them easier to measure with high precision. The downside to unstable meters is that they are, by design, very sensitive to other factors such as additional sources of gravity, movement, and even heat.

This Thyssen gravity meter is a relatively early design of unstable gravity meter, which uses a quartz beam placed on a knife-edge with a 20-gram platinum balance weight placed on the end of one arm, and spring balance one the other. A small 1-gram balance is placed on a slider, and as the operator slides the smaller balance along the beam, and the platinum weight on the other end of the beam will move based on the strength of the specific gravity of the area being recorded.

These measurements (called deflections) are often very slight and need to be observed via a microscope and can also be used to extrapolate the density and structure of the earth’s crust. This made gravity meter such as this one very useful as a means of prospecting for mineral, oil and ore deposits. Thyssen gravity meters are especially sensitive to changes in temperature which would affect the spring balance, and therefore the instrument also has a thermometer in a lagged tube.

Details

Category:
Geophysics
Object Number:
1953-220
type:
gravity meter
credit:
Imperial College of Science & Technology

Parts

This Thyssen gravity meter was built in 1939 by Seismos GmbH (later Prakla Seismos), a German company which built scientific instruments.

Thyssen-type Gravity Meter, 1939

This Thyssen gravity meter was built in 1939 by Seismos GmbH (later Prakla Seismos), a German company which built scientific instruments.

The instrument is stood upright on a adjustable tripod frame. The instrument has two tubed thermometers attached to the inside of the casing, with the spring balance and beam device placed near the top of the casing.

Accompanying the meter itself are two wooden boxes, the smaller of which contains tools used for the maintenance of the meter, including: screwdrivers, clamps, tweezers and spare parts. A separate wooden box contains spare springs, which are kept taught in the casing.

More

A gravity meter, or gravimeter, is an instrument designed to measure and record variations in the earth’s gravitational field in specific locations. These instruments can be broadly divided into two types, stable/static and unstable/astatic. The key difference is that a stable gravity meter will reset itself once it has made a measurement of gravity, whilst an unstable gravity meter will not reset or return to a neutral position.

The benefit of unstable meters is that they exaggerate the changes in gravity making them easier to measure with high precision. The downside to unstable meters is that they are, by design, very sensitive to other factors such as additional sources of gravity, movement, and even heat.

This Thyssen gravity meter is a relatively early design of unstable gravity meter, which uses a quartz beam placed on a knife-edge with a 20-gram platinum balance weight placed on the end of one arm, and spring balance one the other. A small 1-gram balance is placed on a slider, and as the operator slides the smaller balance along the beam, and the platinum weight on the other end of the beam will move based on the strength of the specific gravity of the area being recorded.

These measurements (called deflections) are often very slight and need to be observed via a microscope and can also be used to extrapolate the density and structure of the earth’s crust. This made gravity meter such as this one very useful as a means of prospecting for mineral, oil and ore deposits. Thyssen gravity meters are especially sensitive to changes in temperature which would affect the spring balance, and therefore the instrument also has a thermometer in a lagged tube.

Measurements:
overall: 755 mm x 390 mm x 415 mm, 24.5kg
Materials:
aluminium alloy , glass , steel (metal) , brass (copper, zinc alloy) , mercury , cork , nickel plated and liquid (water?)
Object Number:
1953-220 Pt1
type:
gravimeter
Part of a gravimeter built between 1938 and 1957

Part of a gravimeter built between 1938 and 1957

Part of a gravimeter built between 1938 and 1957, possibly built Askania Werke in Berlin, based on a design by Anton Graf.

More

A gravity meter, or gravimeter, is an instrument designed to measure and record variations in the earth’s gravitational field in specific locations. These instruments can be broadly divided into two types, stable/static and unstable/astatic. The key difference is that a stable gravity meter will reset itself once it has made a measurement of gravity, whilst an unstable gravity meter will not reset or return to a neutral position.

The benefit of unstable meters is that they exaggerate the changes in gravity making them easier to measure with high precision. The downside to unstable meters is that they are, by design, very sensitive to other factors such as additional sources of gravity, movement, and even heat.

This Thyssen gravity meter is a relatively early design of unstable gravity meter, which uses a quartz beam placed on a knife-edge with a 20-gram platinum balance weight placed on the end of one arm, and spring balance one the other. A small 1-gram balance is placed on a slider, and as the operator slides the smaller balance along the beam, and the platinum weight on the other end of the beam will move based on the strength of the specific gravity of the area being recorded.

These measurements (called deflections) are often very slight and need to be observed via a microscope and can also be used to extrapolate the density and structure of the earth’s crust. This made gravity meter such as this one very useful as a means of prospecting for mineral, oil and ore deposits. Thyssen gravity meters are especially sensitive to changes in temperature which would affect the spring balance, and therefore the instrument also has a thermometer in a lagged tube.

Materials:
wood (unidentified) , metal (unknown) and glass
Object Number:
1953-220 Pt1/1
type:
meter
Image ©
The Board of Trustees of the Science Museum
Part of:
1953-220 Pt1
Part of a gravimeter built between 1938 and 1957

Part of a gravimeter built between 1938 and 1957

Part of a gravimeter built between 1938 and 1957, possibly built Askania Werke in Berlin, based on a design by Anton Graf.

More

A gravity meter, or gravimeter, is an instrument designed to measure and record variations in the earth’s gravitational field in specific locations. These instruments can be broadly divided into two types, stable/static and unstable/astatic. The key difference is that a stable gravity meter will reset itself once it has made a measurement of gravity, whilst an unstable gravity meter will not reset or return to a neutral position.

The benefit of unstable meters is that they exaggerate the changes in gravity making them easier to measure with high precision. The downside to unstable meters is that they are, by design, very sensitive to other factors such as additional sources of gravity, movement, and even heat.

This Thyssen gravity meter is a relatively early design of unstable gravity meter, which uses a quartz beam placed on a knife-edge with a 20-gram platinum balance weight placed on the end of one arm, and spring balance one the other. A small 1-gram balance is placed on a slider, and as the operator slides the smaller balance along the beam, and the platinum weight on the other end of the beam will move based on the strength of the specific gravity of the area being recorded.

These measurements (called deflections) are often very slight and need to be observed via a microscope and can also be used to extrapolate the density and structure of the earth’s crust. This made gravity meter such as this one very useful as a means of prospecting for mineral, oil and ore deposits. Thyssen gravity meters are especially sensitive to changes in temperature which would affect the spring balance, and therefore the instrument also has a thermometer in a lagged tube.

Materials:
metal (unknown)
Object Number:
1953-220 Pt1/2
type:
meters
Image ©
The Board of Trustees of the Science Museum
Part of:
1953-220 Pt1
Micrometer from Thyssen Gravity Meter

Micrometer from Thyssen Gravity Meter

Micrometer for a gravimeter built between 1938 and 1957, possibly built Askania Werke in Berlin, based on a design by Anton Graf.

More

A gravity meter, or gravimeter, is an instrument designed to measure and record variations in the earth’s gravitational field in specific locations. These instruments can be broadly divided into two types, stable/static and unstable/astatic. The key difference is that a stable gravity meter will reset itself once it has made a measurement of gravity, whilst an unstable gravity meter will not reset or return to a neutral position.

The benefit of unstable meters is that they exaggerate the changes in gravity making them easier to measure with high precision. The downside to unstable meters is that they are, by design, very sensitive to other factors such as additional sources of gravity, movement, and even heat.

This Thyssen gravity meter is a relatively early design of unstable gravity meter, which uses a quartz beam placed on a knife-edge with a 20-gram platinum balance weight placed on the end of one arm, and spring balance one the other. A small 1-gram balance is placed on a slider, and as the operator slides the smaller balance along the beam, and the platinum weight on the other end of the beam will move based on the strength of the specific gravity of the area being recorded.

These measurements (called deflections) are often very slight and need to be observed via a microscope and can also be used to extrapolate the density and structure of the earth’s crust. This made gravity meter such as this one very useful as a means of prospecting for mineral, oil and ore deposits. Thyssen gravity meters are especially sensitive to changes in temperature which would affect the spring balance, and therefore the instrument also has a thermometer in a lagged tube.

Measurements:
overall: 72 mm x 238 mm x 66 mm,
Materials:
brass (copper, zinc alloy) , steel (metal) , paint and metal (unknown)
Object Number:
1953-220 Pt2
type:
micrometer
Image ©
The Board of Trustees of the Science Museum
Box of accessories from Thyssen Gravity Meter

Box of accessories from Thyssen Gravity Meter

Box of accessories for a gravimeter built between 1938 and 1957, possibly built Askania Werke in Berlin, based on a design by Anton Graf.

More

A gravity meter, or gravimeter, is an instrument designed to measure and record variations in the earth’s gravitational field in specific locations. These instruments can be broadly divided into two types, stable/static and unstable/astatic. The key difference is that a stable gravity meter will reset itself once it has made a measurement of gravity, whilst an unstable gravity meter will not reset or return to a neutral position.

The benefit of unstable meters is that they exaggerate the changes in gravity making them easier to measure with high precision. The downside to unstable meters is that they are, by design, very sensitive to other factors such as additional sources of gravity, movement, and even heat.

This Thyssen gravity meter is a relatively early design of unstable gravity meter, which uses a quartz beam placed on a knife-edge with a 20-gram platinum balance weight placed on the end of one arm, and spring balance one the other. A small 1-gram balance is placed on a slider, and as the operator slides the smaller balance along the beam, and the platinum weight on the other end of the beam will move based on the strength of the specific gravity of the area being recorded.

These measurements (called deflections) are often very slight and need to be observed via a microscope and can also be used to extrapolate the density and structure of the earth’s crust. This made gravity meter such as this one very useful as a means of prospecting for mineral, oil and ore deposits. Thyssen gravity meters are especially sensitive to changes in temperature which would affect the spring balance, and therefore the instrument also has a thermometer in a lagged tube.

Measurements:
overall: 68 mm x 180 mm x 155 mm,
Materials:
wood composites , metal (unknown) and steel (metal)
Object Number:
1953-220 Pt3
type:
components
Image ©
The Board of Trustees of the Science Museum
Hinged plane from Thyssen Gravity Meter

Hinged plane from Thyssen Gravity Meter

Hinged plane for a gravimeter built between 1938 and 1957, possibly built Askania Werke in Berlin, based on a design by Anton Graf.

More

A gravity meter, or gravimeter, is an instrument designed to measure and record variations in the earth’s gravitational field in specific locations. These instruments can be broadly divided into two types, stable/static and unstable/astatic. The key difference is that a stable gravity meter will reset itself once it has made a measurement of gravity, whilst an unstable gravity meter will not reset or return to a neutral position.

The benefit of unstable meters is that they exaggerate the changes in gravity making them easier to measure with high precision. The downside to unstable meters is that they are, by design, very sensitive to other factors such as additional sources of gravity, movement, and even heat.

This Thyssen gravity meter is a relatively early design of unstable gravity meter, which uses a quartz beam placed on a knife-edge with a 20-gram platinum balance weight placed on the end of one arm, and spring balance one the other. A small 1-gram balance is placed on a slider, and as the operator slides the smaller balance along the beam, and the platinum weight on the other end of the beam will move based on the strength of the specific gravity of the area being recorded.

These measurements (called deflections) are often very slight and need to be observed via a microscope and can also be used to extrapolate the density and structure of the earth’s crust. This made gravity meter such as this one very useful as a means of prospecting for mineral, oil and ore deposits. Thyssen gravity meters are especially sensitive to changes in temperature which would affect the spring balance, and therefore the instrument also has a thermometer in a lagged tube.

Measurements:
overall: 83 mm x 575 mm x 118 mm,
Materials:
mahogany (wood) , metal (unknown) , paint and ebony
Object Number:
1953-220 Pt4
type:
hinged plane
Image ©
The Board of Trustees of the Science Museum
Box of tools and mirrors from Thyssen Gravity Meter

Box of tools and mirrors from Thyssen Gravity Meter

Box of tools and mirrors for a gravimeter built between 1938 and 1957, possibly built Askania Werke in Berlin, based on a design by Anton Graf.

More

A gravity meter, or gravimeter, is an instrument designed to measure and record variations in the earth’s gravitational field in specific locations. These instruments can be broadly divided into two types, stable/static and unstable/astatic. The key difference is that a stable gravity meter will reset itself once it has made a measurement of gravity, whilst an unstable gravity meter will not reset or return to a neutral position.

The benefit of unstable meters is that they exaggerate the changes in gravity making them easier to measure with high precision. The downside to unstable meters is that they are, by design, very sensitive to other factors such as additional sources of gravity, movement, and even heat.

This Thyssen gravity meter is a relatively early design of unstable gravity meter, which uses a quartz beam placed on a knife-edge with a 20-gram platinum balance weight placed on the end of one arm, and spring balance one the other. A small 1-gram balance is placed on a slider, and as the operator slides the smaller balance along the beam, and the platinum weight on the other end of the beam will move based on the strength of the specific gravity of the area being recorded.

These measurements (called deflections) are often very slight and need to be observed via a microscope and can also be used to extrapolate the density and structure of the earth’s crust. This made gravity meter such as this one very useful as a means of prospecting for mineral, oil and ore deposits. Thyssen gravity meters are especially sensitive to changes in temperature which would affect the spring balance, and therefore the instrument also has a thermometer in a lagged tube.

Measurements:
overall: 150 mm x 334 mm x 180 mm,
Materials:
wood (unidentified) , brass (copper, zinc alloy) and metal (unknown)
Object Number:
1953-220 Pt5
type:
box
Image ©
The Board of Trustees of the Science Museum
Tools for a Thyssen gravity meter

Tools for a Thyssen gravity meter

Tools for a Thyssen gravity meter, built in 1939 by Seismos GmbH (later Prakla Seismos), a German company which built scientific instruments.

More

A gravity meter, or gravimeter, is an instrument designed to measure and record variations in the earth’s gravitational field in specific locations. These instruments can be broadly divided into two types, stable/static and unstable/astatic. The key difference is that a stable gravity meter will reset itself once it has made a measurement of gravity, whilst an unstable gravity meter will not reset or return to a neutral position.

The benefit of unstable meters is that they exaggerate the changes in gravity making them easier to measure with high precision. The downside to unstable meters is that they are, by design, very sensitive to other factors such as additional sources of gravity, movement, and even heat.

This Thyssen gravity meter is a relatively early design of unstable gravity meter, which uses a quartz beam placed on a knife-edge with a 20-gram platinum balance weight placed on the end of one arm, and spring balance one the other. A small 1-gram balance is placed on a slider, and as the operator slides the smaller balance along the beam, and the platinum weight on the other end of the beam will move based on the strength of the specific gravity of the area being recorded.

These measurements (called deflections) are often very slight and need to be observed via a microscope and can also be used to extrapolate the density and structure of the earth’s crust. This made gravity meter such as this one very useful as a means of prospecting for mineral, oil and ore deposits. Thyssen gravity meters are especially sensitive to changes in temperature which would affect the spring balance, and therefore the instrument also has a thermometer in a lagged tube.

Materials:
wood (unidentified) and metal (unknown)
Object Number:
1953-220/6
type:
meter
Image ©
The Board of Trustees of the Science Museum
meter

meter

Front panel for a Thyssen gravity meter, built in 1939 by Seismos GmbH (later Prakla Seismos), a German company which built scientific instruments.

More

A gravity meter, or gravimeter, is an instrument designed to measure and record variations in the earth’s gravitational field in specific locations. These instruments can be broadly divided into two types, stable/static and unstable/astatic. The key difference is that a stable gravity meter will reset itself once it has made a measurement of gravity, whilst an unstable gravity meter will not reset or return to a neutral position.

The benefit of unstable meters is that they exaggerate the changes in gravity making them easier to measure with high precision. The downside to unstable meters is that they are, by design, very sensitive to other factors such as additional sources of gravity, movement, and even heat.

This Thyssen gravity meter is a relatively early design of unstable gravity meter, which uses a quartz beam placed on a knife-edge with a 20-gram platinum balance weight placed on the end of one arm, and spring balance one the other. A small 1-gram balance is placed on a slider, and as the operator slides the smaller balance along the beam, and the platinum weight on the other end of the beam will move based on the strength of the specific gravity of the area being recorded.

These measurements (called deflections) are often very slight and need to be observed via a microscope and can also be used to extrapolate the density and structure of the earth’s crust. This made gravity meter such as this one very useful as a means of prospecting for mineral, oil and ore deposits. Thyssen gravity meters are especially sensitive to changes in temperature which would affect the spring balance, and therefore the instrument also has a thermometer in a lagged tube.

Object Number:
1953-220/7
type:
meter
Image ©
The Board of Trustees of the Science Museum