Nest of Cologne bronze standard weights, 1616

Nest of bronze standard weights of Cologne, stamped 1616, and "C.S" and a bell in 3 places, with the Arms of Cologne and "MM", and "32".(5 weights marked 8,4,2,1,1/2 Cologne lb and ornamented cup case marked 16). (3 small centre weights probably for 1/4,1/8,1/8, and hasp of cup case missing). The entire nest of weights when complete was for 32 Cologne lb (2 Marks = 1lb). The letters "MM" signify the "double Mark" or commercial lb as distinct from the Mark or gold and silver system. In this set, weighing by Avery Self-Indicating balance gave 1/2lb or 1 Mark = 8 1/4oz.Av. = 3609 grains nearly, 1lb or 2 Marks = 16 1/2oz.Av. = 7219 grains nearly, 2lb or 4 Marks = 2lb 1oz. Av. Various authors give the weight of the arch type Cologne Mark as varying from 3606 to 3612 English grains