Blood glucose tester, United States, 1999

Glucometer 'Esprit', blood glucose meter, with automatic lancing device, ten blood glucose test sensors, two bottles of normal control fluid, 2.5ml, and blister pack containing lancet packs in packaging, supplied by Bayer PLC, England, and made by the Bayer Corporation, United States, 1999 (see note).

Automated measurement of the blood sugar glucose was developed in the late 20th century. It meant people with diabetes could monitor their sugar levels with unprecedented accuracy in their homes. It is essential for people with diabetes to track glucose levels in their bodies. This can give them control over the condition.

A pin prick of blood is placed onto one of the paper strips in the machine. The ‘Espirit’ is made by Bayer. It has ten strips set in a disc. This removes the fiddly nature of inserting a paper strip each time, which was the case with many other meters. The machine then gives a reading on the digital screen. If blood sugar levels are too high then the person can become hyperglycaemic. They can fall into a coma unless treated with injections of insulin. The diabetic becomes hot and confused if blood sugar levels are too low through lack of food or overexertion. They can become comatose if the levels drop low enough.