Jules Carpentier 1851 - 1921

French engineer and inventor involved with optics, photography and early cinema; student at the French École polytechnique; bought the Ruhmkorff workshops in Paris when Heinrich Daniel Ruhmkorff died and made it a successful business for building electrical and magnetical devices; from 1890 started to produce photographic and cinematographic cameras; designer of the submarine periscope; worked on the trichromic process of colour photography; in late 1890s patented the 'Cinématographe', a combined film projector and developer; manufactured equipment for the Lumière Brothers.