Manufacturer based in Broadway,New York, (1894) making and selling magical toys, still banks and optical novelties, including subminiature detective cameras such as the Photoret Watch Camera, plus pocket 'lamps' and lighters; one of the company's directors was Elias Bernard Koopman (1860-1929) who went on to found the American Mutoscope Company, formed on December 27th 1895, which later became American Mutoscope & Biograph Company.