Formerly Edward James Muggeridge; developer of motion photography; inventor of Zoöpraxiscope; emigrated to America in early 1850s; became friends with daguerreotypist Silas T. Selleck and followed him out to California in 1855, setting up a photography business in San Francisco in 1866; in 1872 began experiments with motion photography, culminating in his development of the Zoöpraxiscope around 1879 and the publication of 'Animal locomotion' in 1887.