Jean Louis Petit 1674 - 1760

He became a member of the French Royal Academy of Sciences in 1715, and was named director of the French Royal Academy of Surgery by the king when it was created in 1731. Inventor of the Petit type tourniquet (the origin of the modern day word) in 1718, which was used to help prevent haemorrhage; Petit was also the first to perform a successful operation for mastoiditis (an acute middle ear infection)