Formed in 1960 after a merger between Scottish Brewers and Newcastle Breweries. In 1995 they bought Courage brewers. The brewery section of the company became Scottish Courage but changed to S & N UK in 2006. Scottish & Newcastle spread to western Europe after 2000. In 2003, the company gained Bulmers. Three years later they joined with Kuehne and Nagel a Swiss freight company, establishing a separate drinks distribution company. In 2008, Heineken & Carlsberg bought Scottish & Newcastle. They continued to trade using the Scottish & Newcastle name until 2009.