Four samples of concrete enhanced with two different quantities of graphene, before and after compression strength testing at the Graphene Engineering Innovation Centre, University of Manchester.

1. Sample of concrete enhanced with 0.05% graphene before compression strength testing

2. Sample of concrete enhanced with 0.05% graphene after compression strength testing

3. Sample of concrete enhanced with 0.1% graphene before compression strength testing

4. Sample of concrete enhanced with 0.1% graphene after compression strength testing

Concrete is the most abundant manufactured material on earth. It provides the literal foundations of modern life, but this comes with a high environmental cost.

Dr Lisa Scullion, applications manager at the Graphene Engineering Innovation Centre in Manchester, wanted to test a new idea - could graphene could make concrete stronger?

Her team found that adding a tiny amount of graphene to concrete makes it stronger and she says of the tests ‘the results from our tests have been even better than we imagined; it turned out that putting graphene in concrete gave lots of extra properties that we did not expect.’

Concrete production is one of the leading causes of global carbon dioxide emissions. If concrete can be made stronger without adding volume, less will be needed for the same application, reducing the amount of carbon dioxide emissions for those products where graphene is added.