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Pioneers of Electric Telegraphy at the British Association

Telecommunications

1865

Two-stroke double-acting single cylinder gas engine, patented by Jean Joseph Etienne Lenoir, France, 1860, and made by Reading Iron Works Limited, Reading, Berkshire, England, 1865. The first internal-combustion engine to be offered for sale, in 1860, Lenoir's engine was an ancestor of the engines in all road vehicles. The engine worked very like a simple double-acting steam-engine. At each stroke gas and air were drawn into the cylinder and fired by an electric spark; on the return stroke the burnt gases were flushed out. Several hundred of these engines were sold, and this one is a very rare survivor. It had been used to drive machinery in the workshop of the Patent Museum for about three years.

Lenoir's gas engine, 1860

Heat Engines (non steam)

1865

Atlantic cable specimen, 1865

Telecommunications

1865

Copy of clay liver used for divination, original from Babylon, 2050-1750 BCE

Classical & Medieval Medicine

2050-1750 BCE

Original pilot Bessemer converter from which the first cast of steel was poured at the works of the Barrow Haematite Steel Company Ltd., Barrow-in-Furness, in May 1865

Original pilot Bessemer converter, 1865.

Metallurgy

1865

Oil jar, Egypt, 1580-1350BCE

Classical & Medieval Medicine

2000-1350 BCE

Station Master's jacket, North Eastern Railway

Railway Uniform & Costume

c.1865

After the War...Field at Cold Harbour

Photographs

1865

Painting of SS "Scotland"

Art

1865

Steam locomotive, ‘Pet’, 0-4-0ST, 18" gauge works locomotive, London & North Western Railway, built at Crewe Railway Works in 1865, withdrawn in 1929.

London & North Western Railway steam locomotive 'Pet' 0-4-0ST

Locomotives and Rolling Stock

1865

Mummy of a peregrine falcon, Egypt, 2000-1001 BCE

Classical & Medieval Medicine

2000-1001 BCE

Coloured engraving, International Exhibition, Dubl

Art

1865

Henry Taylor

Photographs

1865

Mummy of a crocodile, Egypt, 2000-1001 BCE

Classical & Medieval Medicine

2000-1001 BCE

Whitworth Shaping Machine No. 298

Hand and Machine Tools

c. 1865

Friar Laurence and Juliet', 1865

Photographs

1865

After The Manner Of Perugino, 1865

Photographs

1865

vacuum gauge

Scientific Instruments & Research

1865

Cornet

Local History

1865

One-Tree Hill - Matheran

Photographs

ca. 1865

The Lake - Kandy

Photographs

ca. 1865

'Henry Taylor, A Portrait'

Photographs

1865

Fluted Roller Cutting Machine

Hand and Machine Tools

1865

Original Morse tapes received by SS 'Great Eastern' while laying the 1865 transatlantic cable, unknown maker, British, 1865

Morse tapes sent to the 'Great Eastern', 1865.

Telecommunications

1865

Ewen Wrottesley Hay Cameron

Photographs

1865

Memorial stele to the doorkeepr Ruma

Classical & Medieval Medicine

2000-1001 BCE

Patent model of improved orrery by John G. Moore of Philadelphia, US Patent 51072 dated 21st November 1865, with original tag.

Patent model of orrery planetary mechanism, 1865

Astronomy

1865

Stone slab with seven holes for cosmetic ointments, Egypt, 1991-1786 BCE

Classical & Medieval Medicine

1991-1786 BCE

Uterine probe, Playfair, aluminium

Obstetrics, Gynaecology & Contraception

1901-950

Bell, Great Western Railway, embossed 2-4-0 locomotive surmounted by the initials 'GWR' and below '1865', from Swindon Works.

Bell, Great Western Railway

Fixtures & Fittings from Railway Buildings

1865

Square pavement brick from Babylonia (Southern Iraq), 2nd millennium BC.

Building Construction

2000-1001 BCE

Patent model in brass of a pantoscope, invented by Charles Emmanuel of Paris, patented in America [Patent No. 45,954 January 17, 1865] and made by T. Auvray, Paris.

Patent model in brass of a pantoscope, invented by

Astronomy

1865

View of Hong Kong Island toward Kowloon

Photographs

ca. 1865

Igniter, for Jean Joseph Etienne Lenoir's gas engine, 1860

Heat Engines (non steam)

1865

Proposed benzene structures, late 19th century

Experimental Chemistry

1865

Date Palms

Photographs

ca. 1865

Two-stroke double-acting single cylinder gas engine, patented by Jean Joseph Etienne Lenoir, France, 1860, and made by Reading Iron Works Limited, Reading, Berkshire, England, 1865.

Lenoir's gas engine, 1860

Heat Engines (non steam)

1865

Shell cameo brooch with wet collodian photograph of man on reverse, c.1865 (size 2"x2 1/2" )

Shell cameo brooch with wet collodian photograph

Photographs

c. 1865

Wheatstone's automatic telegraph puncher, 1865

Telecommunications

1865

'Prayer', about 1865

Photographs

c. 1865

The Dirty Monk', Alfred Lord Tennyson, May 1865

Photographs

1865-05

Julia Jackson

Photographs

1865

Changing back for Billcliff st

Photographic Technology

c. 1865

Forest landscape

Photographs

ca. 1865

Simla

Photographs

ca. 1865

Buspa Valley & Srikanta Peaks - Himalayas

Photographs

ca. 1865

Cylindrical stick of explosive substitute in cream paper wrapper with black printing over cardboard tube

Mining & Ore Dressing

1877-192

Bridge plaque, London Brighton & South Coast Railway, cast iron, 1865, bearing crest of LB&SCR, Queenstown Road Bridge, Battersea, London. Diameter: x 45 in ( x 1143 mm).

Cast iron plaque from Queenstown Road Bridge, Battersea, London, 1865

Railway Infrastructure

1865

The 'Yarrows' - Simla

Photographs

ca. 1865

Earthenware inhaler invented by Dr. Nelson in 1865

Therapeutics

1865